TY - JOUR
T1 - Emergent Protective Organogenesis in Date Palms: A Morpho-devo-dynamic Adaptive Strategy During Early Development.
AU - Xiao, Tingting
AU - Raygoza, Alejandro Aragón
AU - Pérez, Juan Caballero
AU - Kirschner, Gwendolyn Kristin
AU - Deng, Yanming
AU - Atkinson, Brian
AU - Sturrock, Craig
AU - Lube, Vinicius
AU - Wang, Jian You
AU - Lubineau, Gilles
AU - Al-Babili, Salim
AU - Ramírez, Luis Alfredo Cruz
AU - Bennett, Malcolm J
AU - Blilou, Ikram
N1 - KAUST Repository Item: Exported on 2020-10-01
Acknowledgements: The research reported in this publication was supported by King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST). We acknowledge awards from the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [grant numbers BB/PO16855/1, BB/M001806/1]; European Research Council FUTUREROOTS Advanced Investigator grant 294729; and Leverhulme Trust grant RPG-2016-409” We thank the manager of Publication Services and Researcher Support (KAUST), Dr. Virginia A. Unkefer and Dr Michael Cusack, for editing and critical reading of the manuscript. We are also grateful for the support from the KAUST Core Labs, especially the staff in the Imaging and Characterization Core Lab (https://corelabs.kaust.edu.sa/imaging). The authors thank Prof. Renze Heidstra for his critical reading of the manuscript.
PY - 2019/5/29
Y1 - 2019/5/29
N2 - Desert plants have developed mechanisms for adapting to hostile desert conditions, yet these mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we describe two unique modes used by desert date palms (Phoenix dactylifera L.) to protect their meristematic tissues during early organogenesis. We used X-ray micro-computed tomography combined with high-resolution tissue imaging to reveal that, after germination, development of the embryo pauses while it remains inside a dividing and growing cotyledonary petiole. Transcriptomic and hormone analyses show that this developmental arrest is associated with the low expression of development-related genes and accumulation of hormones that promote dormancy and confer resistance to stress. Furthermore, organ-specific cell type mapping demonstrates that organogenesis occurs inside the cotyledonary petiole, with identifiable root and shoot meristems and their respective stem cells. The plant body emerges from the surrounding tissues with developed leaves and a complex root system that maximizes efficient nutrient and water uptake. We further show that, similar to its role in Arabidopsis thaliana, the SHORT-ROOT (SHR) homologue from date palms functions in maintaining stem cell activity and promoting formative divisions in the root ground tissue. Our findings provide insight into developmental programs that confer adaptive advantages in desert plants that thrive in hostile habitats.
AB - Desert plants have developed mechanisms for adapting to hostile desert conditions, yet these mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we describe two unique modes used by desert date palms (Phoenix dactylifera L.) to protect their meristematic tissues during early organogenesis. We used X-ray micro-computed tomography combined with high-resolution tissue imaging to reveal that, after germination, development of the embryo pauses while it remains inside a dividing and growing cotyledonary petiole. Transcriptomic and hormone analyses show that this developmental arrest is associated with the low expression of development-related genes and accumulation of hormones that promote dormancy and confer resistance to stress. Furthermore, organ-specific cell type mapping demonstrates that organogenesis occurs inside the cotyledonary petiole, with identifiable root and shoot meristems and their respective stem cells. The plant body emerges from the surrounding tissues with developed leaves and a complex root system that maximizes efficient nutrient and water uptake. We further show that, similar to its role in Arabidopsis thaliana, the SHORT-ROOT (SHR) homologue from date palms functions in maintaining stem cell activity and promoting formative divisions in the root ground tissue. Our findings provide insight into developmental programs that confer adaptive advantages in desert plants that thrive in hostile habitats.
UR - http://hdl.handle.net/10754/656360
UR - http://www.plantcell.org/lookup/doi/10.1105/tpc.19.00008
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85071122033&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1105/tpc.19.00008
DO - 10.1105/tpc.19.00008
M3 - Article
C2 - 31142581
VL - 31
SP - 1751
EP - 1766
JO - The Plant Cell
JF - The Plant Cell
SN - 1040-4651
IS - 8
ER -